NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS 2012

NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS 2012

Every year since 1901 the Nobel Prize has been awarded for achievements in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature and for Peace. In 1968, Sveriges Riksbank established The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, founder of the Nobel Prize.

PHYSICS	Serge Haroche(France) and David J. Wineland(U.S) "for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable  measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems"
CHEMISTRY	Robert J. Lefkowitz(U.S) and Brian K. Kobilka(U.S)  "for studies of G-protein-coupled receptors"
MEDICINE	Sir John B. Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka "for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent"
LITERATURE	Mo Yan(China) "who with hallucinatory realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary"
PEACE	European Union (EU,27countries) "for over six decades contributed to the advancement of peace and reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe"
ECONOMIC SCIENCES	Alvin E. Roth(U.S) and Lloyd S. Shapley(U.S) "for the theory of stable allocations and the practice of market design"