Nobel Prize 2013 For Medicine Or Physiology  Won Two Americans, James Rothman And Randy Schekman, And Germany's Thomas Sudhof

                    Two Americans, James Rothman and Randy Schekman, and Germany's Thomas Sudhof won the 2013 Nobel prize for medicine or physiology for research into how the cell organises its transport system.Through their discoveries, Rothman, Schekman and Sudhof have revealed how hormones, enzymes and other key substances are transported within cells.

                      

                      Rothman, 62, is a professor at Yale University while Schekman, 64, is at the University of California, Berkeley. Suedhof, 57, joined Stanford University in 2008.

                    The Nobel committee said Schekman discovered a set of genes that were required for vesicle transport, while Rothman revealed how proteins dock with their target membranes like two sides of a zipper. Sudhof found out how vesicles release their cargo with precision. "These discoveries have had a major impact on our understanding of how cargo is delivered with timing and precision within and outside the cell," the committee said. Rothman and Schekman won the Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award for their research in 2002 — an award often seen as a precursor of a Nobel Prize.

                     

                    The medicine prize kicked off this year's Nobel announcements. The awards in physics, chemistry, literature, peace and economics will be announced by other prize juries. Each prize is worth 8 million Swedish kronor ($1.2 million).

                    

                        Established by Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel, the Nobel Prizes have been handed out by award committees in Stockholm and Oslo since 1901. The winners always receive their awards on Dec. 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death in 1896.